Publications
Journal articles
Qiaochu Zhang and Ingvild Bode, 2026, 'Governing AI in the military domain in a multi-order world: China, the US, and visions of the “good life”', Contemporary Security Policy, https://doi.org/10.1080/13523260.2026.2683472.
Qiaochu Zhang, 2026, 'Unpacking Chinese Normativity in Human Protection: A Communities of Practice Perspective', Global Studies Quarterly. Accepted Author Manuscript available here.
Qiaochu Zhang, 2026, ‘Sociotechnical imaginaries of future war in Chinese science fiction’, Critical Studies on Security, https://doi.org/10.1080/21624887.2026.2668212.
Qiaochu Zhang, 2025, 'Different fields, different appropriateness? Unpacking emerging normativity in China’s AI governance', Cooperation and Conflict, https://doi.org/10.1177/00108367251383688.
Ingvild Bode, Anna Nadibaidze, Tom Watts & Qiaochu Zhang, 2025, 'Ensuring the exercise of human agency in AI-based military systems: Concerns across the lifecycle', Ethics and Information Technology 27(50), https://doi.org/10.1007/s10676-025-09861-2.
Qiaochu Zhang, 2025, 'Navigating the in-between space: The roles of Chinese think tanks in artificial intelligence governance', Global Policy 16(3): 494-500. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.70053.
Qiaochu Zhang, 2025, 'Norm complexity and contestation: Navigating China’s approaches to the Protection of Civilians', International Peacekeeping 32(3): 616–646. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13533312.2025.2474499.
Qiaochu Zhang, 2024, 'Prevention as a norm cluster? Mapping China’s contestation on atrocity prevention', International Affairs 100(1): 241–260. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiad224.
Book chapters
Qiaochu Zhang, 2025, 'Rising powers as norm entrepreneurs and the future of liberal international order', in The Oxford Handbook of Norms Research in International Relations, edited by Antje Wiener, Phil Orchard, and Sassan Gholiagha. Oxford: Oxford University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198915874.013.0052.
Policy reports
Qiaochu Zhang, 2026, ‘China’s outbound technology transfer between security and economic interests in the context of export Controls’, in Understanding China's Export Controls, edited by Guangyu Qiao-Franco and Rogier Creemers. Available at: https://www.chinakennisnetwerk.nl/publications/46-understanding-chinas-export-controls.
Qiaochu Zhang, 2026, ‘China is not unitary: Mapping the diverse actors shaping China’s approach to AI governance’, in Geopolitics of AI Governance: Actors, Norms and Trends, edited by Anna Nadibaidze and Justinas Lingevicius. Available at: https://www.sdu.dk/en/forskning/forskningsenheder/samf/cws/cws-activities/2026/geopolitics-of-ai-governance.
Anna Nadibaidze, Ingvild Bode, and Qiaochu Zhang. 2024. 'AI in military decision support systems: A review of developments and debates.' Odense, Denmark: Centre for War Studies. Available at: https://www.autonorms.eu/ai-in-military-decision-support-systems-a-review-of-developments-and-debates/.
Submissions of Written Evidence
Ingvild Bode, Hendrik Huelss, Anna Nadibaidze, Guangyu Qiao-Franco, and Qiaochu Zhang, 2025, ‘Submission to the United Nations on applications of AI in the military domain’. Available at: https://www.autonorms.eu/submission-to-the-un-sg-on-ai-dss-in-the-military-domain/.
Ingvild Bode, Hendrik Huelss, Anna Nadibaidze, and Qiaochu Zhang, 2024, ‘Submission on Autonomous Weapon Systems to the UN Secretary General’. Available at: https://www.autonorms.eu/submission-on-autonomous-weapon-systems-to-the-un-secretary-general/.
Other publications
Qiaochu Zhang, 2024, 'Navigating the complexities of exercising human agency in human-machine interaction across the AI lifecycle.' 21 October, https://www.autonorms.eu/navigating-the-complexities-of-exercising-human-agency-in-human-machine-interaction-across-the-ai-lifecycle/.
Qiaochu Zhang, 2024, 'The imaginaries of human-robot relationships in Chinese popular culture.' 3 May, https://www.autonorms.eu/the-imaginaries-of-human-robot-relationships-in-chinese-popular-culture/.
Qiaochu Zhang, 2022, 'The Military-Peace complex: gender and materiality in Afghanistan, by Hannah Partis-Jennings.' International Peacekeeping 29(2): 341–343. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13533312.2021.1929184.